对比归纳巧学动词时态和语态
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发布时间:2018-01-19 10:48:00
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用对比归纳法巧学动词时态和语态
广东省韶关市南雄中学 谭家龙
我们知道,高考考纲中要求掌握的10种时态,大部分在初中阶段就学完了。可是,当翻开教材时,我们发现所有的时态都是以某个动词为例,从肯定式到否定式,然后再到疑问式和简略答语逐一介绍的,学生学起来特别容易混淆。怎样才能让学生掌握好复杂易混的动词时态和语态呢?我们可采取以下对比归纳法进行复习。
首先,用对比法把这10种时态呈现出来:不妨巧记为:3个一般+3个现在+3个过去+1个将来。
1. 一般现在时
He waters the flowers every day .
→He doesn’t water the flowers every day .
→Does he water the flowers every day ?
Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t
→The flowers are watered by him every day.
2. 一般过去时
He watered the flowers yesterday .
→He didn’t water the flowers yesterday .
→Did he water the flowers yesterday ?
Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t.
→The flowers were watered by him yesterday.
3. 一般将来时
He will water/ is going to water the flowers tomorrow .
→He won’t water/ isn’t going to water the flowers tomorrow .
→Will he water/ Is he going to water the flowers tomorrow ?
Yes, he will./ No, he won’t.
Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t.
→The flowers will be watered by him tomorrow.
4. 现在进行时
He is watering the flowers now .
→He isn’t watering the flowers now .
→Is he watering the flowers now .
Yes, he is./No, he isn’t.
The flowers are being watered by him now.
5. 现在完成时
He has watered the flowers .
→He hasn’t watered the flowers .
→Has he watered the flowers?
Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t.
The flowers have been watered by him.
6. 现在完成进行时
He has been watering the flowers this morning .
7. 过去进行时
He was watering the flowers at this time yesterday .
→He wasn’t watering the flowers at this time yesterday .
→Was he watering the flowers at this time yesterday .
Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.
The flowers were being watered by him at this time yesterday.
8. 过去完成时(过去的过去)
He said he had watered the flowers.
→He said he hadn’t watered the flowers.
→Had he watered the flowers?
Yes, he had./ No, he hadn’t.
The flowers had been watered by him.
9. 过去将来时(过去为起点的将来)
He said he would water the flowers.
→He said he wouldn’t water the flowers.
→Would he water the flowers?
Yes, he would./ No, he wouldn’t.
10. 将来进行时
He will be watering the flowers .
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