识别高考阅读理解干扰项的七大法宝

再如：

56. The opinion of the writer is that____.

A. there may be other intelligent beings in the universe

B. there are other intelligent beings in the universe

C. people living on the earth are almost certainly the only intelligent beings  in the universe

D. people living on the earth are definitely the only intelligent beings in the   universe

『个案解析』：

答案为A。根据委婉项原则，我们先可以把含有绝对语气词almost，certainly， definitely，the only的C、D项先排除，对比A、B项，我们会发现A项与B项所表达意思相近，但A项含有推测情态词may，使得它所表述的语气比B项更委婉，所以答案应该为A项。

24. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Working hard is a basic requirement of all employees.

B. Good writing skills alone help you succeed in any field

C. The only qualification for getting hired by a company is good communication skills

D. While the importance of one’s ability to communicate increases, his professional background may become increasingly less important.

『个案解析』：

答案：D。选项A（工作努力是对所有员工最起码的要求）；选项B（单凭好的写作技能可使你在任何领域取得成功）、C（被聘任上的唯一条件就是要有良好的表达技能）都过于绝对化；选项D（当交流表达能力重要性上升时，专业技术背景的重要性就可能会相应降低）中“may”表推测的情态动词使语气较为平缓，所以有可能是正确答案。

4．同形项原则

几个选项如存在形式与结构上的相似，那它们就互为同形项。同形项组可喻为高尔夫球场上的“果岭”，而正确答案就是果岭上的“球洞”。命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考察考生的理解能力与分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项一般存在有正确答案。

The development of rapid transit rail lines in cities should parallel local economic development and blind construction of such lines should be avoided…It stressed that the amount of domestically made equipment used in such infrastructure projects needs to be increased.

16. The rapid-transit rail lines should ______.

A. develop as quickly as possible

B. develop with local economic development

C. develop after local economic development

D. develop with the construction industry

『个案解析』：答案为B。经语言形式与结构分析，我们不难发现B、C选项形式与结构相似（仅with与after一词之差）为同形项，所以可先试着排除A、D。再结合常识（常识项原则/下文）：高速路轨的建设应该与地方经济互相促进、同步发展，可最终确定答案为B。