2014年广州一模英语试题及答案（word版）

来源：高中英语教学交流网
发布时间：2014-03-22 22:38:00
查看次数：

内容提要： 2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）英语

No one knows why we dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between dreams and better memory in people learning a new skill.

So perhaps one way to learn something new is to practice , practice , practice _ and then sleep on it.

“I was very surprised by this finding ,” said Robert Stickgold , a Harvard

University

scientist who led the study.

In the study ,100 college students each spent an hour on a computer , trying to get through a maze(迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start from a different place each time they tried- making it even more difficult.

Then, for the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants were required to stay awake while half were asked to sleep. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who slept were asked to describe any dream they had.

Stickgold and his colleagues wanted to know about NREM, or non-REM sleep. REM stands for “rapid eye movement.” Which is what happens during REM sleep. This period of sleep often brings strange dreams to a sleeper, although dreams can happen in both kinds of sleep. Stickgold wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren’t moving, during NREM wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren’t moving, during NREM sleep. Other studies have found connection between NREM brain activity and learning ability.

Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were about the maze. Later, when these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to complete it faster.

Stickgold believes the dream itself doesn’t help a person learn-it’s the other way around. He suspects that such dreams are caused by the brain processes associated with learning

All the maze-dreamers had done the task poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the NREM dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult . People who had other dreams ,or people who didn’t show the same improvement.

36. In the first stage of the study, the participants were asked to ____.

A. design a maze on computer

B. find their way out of a maze.

C. decide where to begin a maze

D. remember a location in a maze

37.What happened to the participants during the break?

A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream.

B. Half of them were asked to dream about the maze.

C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts.

D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.

38.What can we learn from the passage?

A. Everyone will dream about a new skill after learning it.

B. Stickgold was the first to study dreams and learning.

C. During NREM sleep, people usually don’t dream.

D. Unusual dreams often occur during REM sleep.

39.According to the last paragraph , before sleeping the maze –dreamers ___.

A. found it difficult to do the maze .

B. were greatly interested in the maze

C. were mostly slow and poor thinkers

D. completed the maze faster than others

40. Which of the following statements best summarizes the study’s conclusion?

A. Dreams have a role in learning .

B. Dreams have no basis in reality.

C. Dreams are important for health.

D. Dreams are the best way to study.

36-40BDDAA

The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain’s greatest scientists, biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephen Hawking, is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable men. Surprisingly, they have rather more in common than we think.

Most striking is the similarity in their backgrounds. They were born in the early 1940s to middle class families _ not wealthy but comfortably off , with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public service . Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University—and both succeeded, Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics.

Neither man has a very positive view of his early university life. Hawing describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very anti-work, “You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or fail. Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for.” He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student (本科生)。

Undergraduate life was somewhat more rewarding for Dawkins. Like Hawking, he wasn’t particularly hard-working and never attended his lectures. But he foundOxford’s system of weekly essay-based lessons with an academic tutor useful, “It was really only the tutorial system that educated me.”

For both men, scientific life really go gong as postgraduates after 1962 , Dawkins, who remained at Oxford, describes brilliantly the academic competition among the postgraduate students ,which he believed helped push him to develop the ideas that formed the basis of his most famous book , The Selfish Gene. This volume transformed scientific thinking about Darwinian evolution.

Hawing , on the other hand , moved to Cambridge University after graduation, where his research into the universe would eventually make him the most famous physicist since Albert Einstein, He writes movingly about the disease which progressively cripples his entire body.

Leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyes. Although communication is slow – he can write only 3 words a minute using the machine— his illness has not affected his mind or his research on space-time and the origins of the universe.

Each book is recommended individually as a personal introduction to an important scientific thinker. Read together, they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research.

41.Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking’s and Dawkins’ backgrounds?

A. They were both from wealthy families.

B. They studied the same subject in university.

C. They graduated from the same secondary school.

D. They both came from families that valued good education.

42.Why did Hawking study very little as an undergraduate student ?

A. He preferred doing his own research and experiments.

B. Students considered it inappropriate to study too much.

C. The materials discussed in lectures were very easy for him.

D. He was more interested in making friends with his classmates.

43. According to Dawkins, what helped him develop his most important ideas?

A. His hard work as an undergraduate.

B. The support he received from his family.

C. The excellent tutors at Oxford University.

D. The competition from other postgraduate students.

44.What can we reasonably infer about the two scientists from the passage?

A. Dawkins worked much harder than Hawking as an undergraduate.

B. Hawking is more respected by the scientific community.

C. They knew each other during their studies at Oxford.

D. Hawking has experienced more physical difficulties.

45.What is the function of the last paragraph?

A. To state which book the writer prefers.

B. To recommend the reviewed books to readers.

C. To summarize the achievements of the two scientists.

D. To suggest the order in which the books should be read

41-45DBDDB

第一节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

首先，请阅读以下国家公园的特色介绍。

A. With downhill skiing for beginners and ice-skating. Yosemite National Parkis simply the perfect getaway for winter holiday fun And is comfortable2-3 bedroom cabins are perfect for those who just want to relax inside, stay warm and enjoy wonderful winter mountain views.

B. Biscay National Park is an underwater paradise offering great weather ,water sports, and a sunny escape far away from snowmen and freezing weather .Winter is Florida’s dry season , the perfect time to visit! Only five percent of this park is land so get ready for a wet and wild vacation.

C. Voyageurs National Park is perfect for experienced winter-sports enthusiasts. As there are no roads , you must walk at least 15 kms to reach a campsite. Inside you can enjoy ice fishing, ice climbing and many other winter action sports. Visitors must have snow-proof tents and children under 15 are not admitted in winter .

D. The Rocky Mountain National Park has something fun for everyone. Deep snow creates a safe and fun area for sledding. The valley makes anyone feel like a kid again and is a great place for snowball fights, sled rides, and snowman building . Tent accommodation only.

E. The waters surrounding Channel Islands National Park are home to many kinds of beautiful sea animals such as whales, dolphins , and porpoises. Nowhere else in the country will you have a chance to see these amazing creatures swimming among the ice.

F. Even in winter, the Shenandoah National Park is always snow-free, although temperatures are very low. Enjoy magnificent scenery as you walk or cycle on its many dirt tracks . And with few winter visitors, you can pitch your tent almost anywhere and see no one for days.

阅读以下人物的度假需求，将人物与相宜的国家公园匹配起来。

46.Joan loves the outdoors and water sports but hates the winter cold so is looking for a place where she can warm her bones while having plenty of fun.

47.Robert , his wife Julie and their two children want to visit a park where he and the kids can have fun in the snow and Julie can stay warm indoors while doing some holiday reading.

48.Bob sees himself as an outdoor adventurer and wants something that is more challenging than the normal mountain climbing and skiing he does when he visits other parks.

49.Johe and his 14-year-old son are experienced outdoorsmen who want to go on a challenging holiday. They enjoy walking and cycling through the countryside while avoiding crowds.

50.Selma is a water lover. She wants to get out of the city and takes her 10-year-old daughter somewhere safe, where they can enjoy nature and see different types of animals.

46.B 47. A. 48.C 49.F 50. E

III写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）

为了弘扬中国茶文化，你就读的国际学校举办“中国茶，知多少” 英语征文比赛。

参考词汇：针（needle）;高血压(high blood pressure )

[写作要求]

只能用5个句子表达全部内容。

【评分标准】

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

基础写作范文：

White Tea, which gets its name from its silver-white colour ,is regarded as one of the six major Chinese tea types, Dating back to the Beisong Dynasty, White Tea has a long history and it is mainly grown in Fujian and Taiwan ,White Tea is famous for its beautiful silver-needle-like White Tea is good for health if drunk frequently and can be used in preventing diseases like high blood pressure and helping relieve the pain of toothache and fever.

第1页第2页 第3页 第4页