【考前冲刺】回归教材，感悟语法

三、感悟语法

高中英语语法既多且繁琐，教材编排在一个单元内会反复出现同一种语法现象，通过分析比较多个例句的异同，去感悟语法，从而逐渐掌握这一种语法现象。如第五本书第一单元的语法是过去分词作定语及表语。以该单元为例，可以感悟如下的语法。（划线部分就是考查的内容，括号内是查看的语法说明。）

John Snow was a famous doctor in London, so expert, indeed,1.that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. (搭配so+形容词+ that)

In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe 2.that more than 500 people died in ten days. (搭配so+形容词+that)

A woman, 3.who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it 4.delivered to her house every day. (定语从句、过去分词作补语)

Neither its cause nor its cure 5.was understood （understand). (被动语态)

He knew that cholera would never be controlled 6.until its cause was found. (连词until）

A cloud of dangerous gas floated around 7.until it found its victims. (连词until）

The first suggested that cholera 8.multiplied in the air. (动词谓语）

The second suggested that people 9.absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. (动词谓语）

To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies 10.be examined. (被动语态)

He became interested in two theories 11.that possibly explained how cholera killed people. （定语从句）

First he marked on a map the exact places 12.where all the dead people had lived. （定语从句）

In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths 13.that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. （定语从句）

With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty 14.that polluted water carried the virus. （宾语从句）

But he became 15.inspired (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people 16.exposed (expose) to cholera. （过去分词作表语、过去分词作后置定语）

So many thousands of 17.terrified (terrify) people died every time there was 18.an outbreak. （过去分词作定语，冠词）

He became 19.interested (interest) in two theories that 20.possibly (possible) explained how cholera killed people. （过去分词作表语，副词）

From the stomach the disease 21.quickly (quick) attacked the body and soon the 22.affected (affect) person died. （副词，过去分词作定语）

He was 23.determined (determine) to find out why. （过去分词作表语）

He found that it came from the river 24.polluted (pollute) by the dirty water from London. （过去分词作定语）

He immediately told the 25.astonished (astonish) people in Broad Street 26. to remove (remove) the handle from the pump so that it could not 27.be used (use) . （过去分词作定语，不定式表目的，被动语态）

With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that 28.polluted (pollute) water carried the virus. （过去分词作定语）

The water companies were instructed not to expose people to 29.polluted (pollute) water any more. （过去分词作定语）

Neither its cause nor its cure 30. was understood (understand) . （被动语态）

He knew that cholera would never 31.be controlled (control) until its cause 32.was found (find) . （被动语态）

He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) 33.had had（have）no deaths. （过去完成时）

They 34.had been given (give) free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. （过去完成时的被动语态）

Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera 35.was spread (spread) by germs and not in a cloud of gas. （被动语态）

The water companies 36.were instructed (instruct) not to expose people to polluted water any more. （被动语态）

Finally "King Cholera" 37.was defeated (defeat) . （被动语态）

Nicolaus Copernicus was 38.frightened (frighten) and his mind was 39.confused (confuse). （过去分词作表语）

Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion 40. that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. （同位语从句）

Only if you put the sun there 41.did (do) the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. （Only部分倒装）

Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would 42.have punished (punish) him for even suggesting such 43.an idea. （情态动词+have done表猜测，冠词）

He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets 44.going （go） round it and only the moon still going round the earth. （现在分词，with 结构）

The Christian Church rejected his theory, 45.saying (say) it was against God's idea and people 46.who supported it would 47.be attacked (attack). （现在分词作伴随状语，定语从句，被动语态）

Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on 48.which all our ideas of the universe are built. （定语从句之介词+which）

His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, 49.which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. (非限制性定语从句)

当然，以上的例句都是语法填空的考查，稍微进行一下转换就可以转化为改错题。如：

Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion 40.which the earth was not the centre of the solar system. （同位语从句）

His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, 49.that said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. (非限制性定语从句)