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阅读的深层—分析与评价——2012高考英语阅读文随想

来源：高中英语教学交流网
发布时间：2014-05-29 08:34:00
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二、阐释的类型——有理有节

在一些难以理解的文章中，作者常常通过话语的阐释来作为论述事物的依据。但是对学生而言，要想真正理解其内涵意义，绝非是容易的事。因为许多学生在阅读时常常只注重文章的字面义，而忽视作者真正表达的内涵。不能找出作者欲所要阐释的依据，因此在解题时常常会发生偏差的现象。阅读下面的短文看作者是如何就文章主题进行阐释的。

Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic sweeping across America’s farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenging, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country’s farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census figures show that the fastest-grown group of farmers is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.

Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of America’s farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of “useless” college degrees. Top federal agricultural officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.

“There couldn’t be anything that’s more incorrect,” Merrigan, said. “We know that there aren’t enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.”

In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.

“I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,” said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. “Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture.”

The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers’ Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.

Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Best hopes his message—that  this is a new time in agriculture—will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. “Never before have we had the innovations in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “There’s really a place for everybody to fit in.”（2012 江苏卷阅读理解题B）

本文介绍了美国农业的现状——农民越来越少而且平均年龄越来越大，很多专家认为全球农业有着良好的发展机遇，希望更多的大学生从事农业工作。在文章的第一小节，作者利用专家Merrigan的话语一针见血地指出，美国的农业就像患了流行病一样，这种流行病并非像司空见惯的日常现象而已，而是从事农业人员的老龄化的加剧。作者在文章运用一系列的话语反映了此情此景。an epidemic sweeping across America’s farmland. The country’s farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed. 美国未来的农业何去何从，作者的内心充满着焦虑与担忧。民以食为天，人们对从事农业人口老龄化的进程应引起足够的重视。

在文章随后的几小节，作者把Merrigan, 的个人忧虑之情和盘托出，“There couldn’t be anything that’s more incorrect,” Merrigan, said. “We know that there aren’t enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.” In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said. 作者用双重否定的句子明确表明了自己对此现象的不安，美国缺少合格的大学生从事农业生产，而不断增加的人口则需要更多的粮食来满足人类的需求。从文中的话语我们可以看出她为此做出的呼吁，从in hopes of encouraging…，到trying to stop the graying of America’s farmers, 再到her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of “useless” college degrees. 表明了个人对现存从事农业人口老年化的不安和对此的瞻望的迫切之情。

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